What is Artificial Intelligence?
Artificial intelligence is to simulate human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. Specific applications of AI include expert systems, natural learning processing speech recognition, and machine vision.
Google Now, Apple's Siri, Amazon's Alexa, and Microsoft's Cortana are one of the main examples of AI in everyday life. Digital assistants help users perform various tasks, from checking their schedules and searching for something on the web to sending commands to another app.
Types of AI:
Based on the functionality of AI-based systems, AI can be categorized into the following types:
- Reactive Machines AI
- Theory Of Mind AI
- Limited Memory AI
- Self - Aware AI
#Reactive Machines AI:
This type of AI includes machines that operate solely based on the present data into account only the current situation. Reactive AI machines cannot form inferences from the data to evaluate their future actions. They can perform a narrower range of pre-defined tasks.
#Theory Of Mind AI:
The Theory Of Mind AI is a more advanced type of Artificial Intelligence. This category of the machine is speculated to play a major role in psychology. This type of AI will focus mainly on emotional intelligence so that human beliefs and thoughts can be better comprehended.
#Limited Memory AI:
Like the name suggests Limited Memory AI, can make information and improve decisions by studying past data from its memory. Such an AI has a short-lived or temporary memory that can be used an AI has short past experiences and hence evaluate future actions.
#Self-Aware AI:
Self-aware artificial intelligence is nothing but machines and robot performing and thinking like human beings. To be more specific, self-aware AI will be capable of functioning like the human brain.
What are the major components of AI?
There are different components of AI that contribute to creating software that is efficient in nature. The five major components of AI are-
- Learning.
- Reasoning.
- Language understanding.
- Perception.
- Problem-solving.
#Learning:
Learning is one of the major components of AI. Just as humans learn, computer programs are designed to learn different manners. One of the ways, in which AI learns, is by the trial-and-error method, they keep on solving until they come to the desired right answer.
#Reasoning:
To reason, like humans do, is another important key component of an AI. Once, the AI is able to differentiate between two objects, the next thing is to reason. When it logically reasons, it allows the system to draw a number of inferences that are in accordance, with the given situation. These inferences are then categorized as inductive or deductive. Reasoning always means drawing relevant inferences, which can then be further applied to problem-solving.
#Language understanding:
Language can be defined as a system of a different set of signs that justifies, the conveyed meaning. Language s one of the most widely used AI component, Humans can differentiate, communicate and easily understand different languages, AI programs are also trained in order to learn a different language, and make the human-computer interface easier.
#Perception:
The perception component of the AI enables the machine to scan the outside surrounding by using different sense-organs, either real or artificial. The processor is designed so as to perceive and analyze the other sense-organs, and objects and helps in understanding and establishing their features and more. This analysis is one of the biggest challenges, as similar items might pose a considerable amount of analyzing when viewed from different angles or on different occasions.
# Problem-Solving:
Problem-solving ability is one of the most important components of an AI, different queries are assigned a special or a general purpose. Support in a situation, the special-purpose method is used in this. The solution to the assigned problem is tailor-made, and specific in nature exploiting and exploring the specific features provided in the given case, in which the problem is supposed to be sought.
Advantages & Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence:
#Advantages of Artificial Intelligence:
1. Reduction in Human Error
One of the biggest advantages of Artificial Intelligence is that it can significantly reduce errors and increase accuracy and precision. The decisions taken by AI in every step are decided by information previously gathered and a certain set of algorithms.
2. Zero Risks
Another big advantage of AI is that humans can overcome many risks by letting AI robots do them for us. Whether it be defusing a bomb, going to space, or exploring the deepest parts of oceans, machines with metal bodies are resistant to nature and can survive unfriendly atmospheres.
3. New Inventions
In practically every field, AI is the driving force behind numerous innovations that will aid humans in resolving the majority of challenging issues.
for eg., recent advantages in AI-based technologies have allowed doctors to detect breast cancer in a woman at an early stage.
4. Unbiased Decisions
Human beings are driven by emotions, whether we like them or not. AI on the other hand is devoid of emotions and highly practical and rational in its approach. A massive advantage of Artificial Intelligence is that it doesn't have any biased views, which ensures more accurate decision-making.
#Disadvantage of Artificial Intelligence
1. High Cost
The ability to create a machine that can simulate human intelligence is on small feat. It requires plenty of time and resources and can cost a huge deal of money, AI also needs to operate on the latest hardware and software to stay updated and meet the latest requirements, thus making it quite costly.
2. Unemployment
One application of artificial intelligence is a robot, which is displacing occupation and increasing unemployment (in a few cases). Therefore, some claim that there is always a chance of unemployment as a result of chatbots and robots replacing humans.
3. Make Humans Lazy
AI applications automate the majority of tedious and repetitive tasks. Since we do not have to memorize things or solve puzzles to get the job done, we tend to use our brains less and less. This addiction to AI can cause problems for future generations.
4. No Improvement
Humans cannot develop artificial intelligence because it is a technology based on pre-loaded facts and experience. AI is proficient at repeatedly carrying out the same task, but if we any adjustments or improvements, we must manually alter the codes. AI cannot be accessed and utilized akin to human intelligence, but it can store infinite data.
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